The Science of Discworld Revised Edition

147–8
    reversing polarity of 148
    mantle 142, 172, 175
    and Moon 172–5
    organic life on 195–201
    rotation of 39, 144, 173, 176, 197–8, 367
    roundness of 35, 88–90, 142
    shape and structure 140–8
    surface of 140–1
    earthquakes 142, 148
    East Indies 210
    echidna 316
    echoes of the Big Bang 56, 58
    eclipses 35
    of the Sun 92, 168–9
    ecology, closed 160
    ecosystems 160, 311
    Eden 379
    Ediacarans 198–201, 242
    education and ‘lies-to-children’ 43–4
    egg 59, 187, 216, 276, 300
    Egyptians, ancient 88, 187, 353
    Einstein, Albert 23, 40, 44, 54, 56–7, 87, 90–96, 127, 185
    doubts cast on theory 93–5
    General Relativity 91–4
    Relativity Theory 91–4
    Special Relativity 91–2
    eka-lead 81–2
    Eldredge, Niles 240
    electrical charge 76, 144
    electrical power plants 159
    electricity 133, 144, 229
    electrojets 145
    electromagnetism 57, 79, 91, 126, 368
    and Special Relativity 91
    electronic circuits 219–21
    electron(s) 60, 76–9, 109
    charge 25
    planets as model for 76
    elements 22, 24, 61, 67–9, 71–83, 99, 122–3, 141, 143, 157, 245
    ancient (fire, earth, air, water) 71–2
    vs compounds 72
    Dalton’s list 74
    five ways to create 79–81
    Lavoisier’s list of 73
    Mendeleev’s list 75, 77
    number 110 81
    number 114 81–2
    number 116 81
    stable 81
    superheavy 83
    unstable 81
    elephantigen 66, 73, 82
    elephants 33, 40, 54, 73, 87, 188, 206, 209, 238, 311–2, 316, 318, 323–4, 380
    Elizabeth II, Queen 32
    elliptical planetary orbits 90
    embryos 200, 277, 300, 325
    and people, demarcation line 59, 60, 187
    emergence, mind and 105, 349
    emergent order phase in Langton’s Ant system 104, 221
    emergent phenomena 106–7, 349, 372
    Empedocles 71
    Emperor’s New Mind, The
(Penrose) 23†
    Empire Star
(Delany) 355
    empty space 49, 51, 108
    End of Time, The
(Barbour) 55
    energy 23–4, 37–9, 49, 58, 77, 122, 127, 158, 163, 197, 202–3, 368
    matter turned into by
    nuclear fission 23–4
    potential 37
    required to lift objects 37
    environment 102, 105, 196–7, 199, 201, 241, 267, 300, 317, 325, 351
    care and management of 365
    damage to 312
    enzymes 325
    Eohippus
(now
Hyracotherium
) 303*
    Eoraptor
283
    epicycles 90
    epsilon Eridani 129
    equinoxes, precession of the 35
    Eratosthenes 88–9
    escape velocity of planets 157
    essential fatty acids 336
    eukaryotes 198, 251
    Europa, space probes for life on 133–4
    Europe 71, 147, 227, 321, 323, 353, 366
    European Space Agency (ESA) 131
    Everest, Mount 140, 366
    evolution 10, 32, 41, 102, 106, 158, 164–5, 178,197, 199, 203, 205–7, 209, 211–4, 218, 220–2, 231–2, 236, 238–9, 241–3, 265, 300, 302, 310–11, 315–7, 321–3, 328, 334–6, 339, 347–51, 364, 370
    of apes 334–6
    of brain 334, 336, 348
    convergent 242
    Darwinism 10, 210–11, 213–4, 218, 222, 240, 318
    of humans 324, 334–6
    of intelligence and extelligence 347–9
    of mammals 319–26
    ‘punctuated equilibrium’ theory 240
    ‘savannah’ theory of human evolution 334, 336–7
    ‘seashore’ theory of human evolution 334, 336–8
    Smolin’s theory of evolving universes 25
    ‘Tree of Life’ view of 239–42, 250
    Evolution Man, The
(Lewis) 197*
    Evolving the Alien
(Cohen and Stewart) 41*, 79*
    expansion of universe 57–8, 94
    exploration of space 37, 171, 364–73
    extelligence 70, 262, 348–9, 352–5, 357, 363, 372, 381
    extinction(s) 230–2, 241–2, 263, 320–1, 379–81
    of dinosaurs (mass extinction) 301–12
    extra-sensory perception 273
    eye, evolution of 213–4
    eyesight 72, 317
    F
    Fantasia (Disney) 282–3, 289
    farming 229
    Farrell, Brian 300
    fatty acids 336
    fear 187, 194, 302, 357
    feathers 291–2
    feedback loop of intelligence and extelligence, mind as 348, 351, 353–4
    female menstrual cycle 170, 179
    Fermi, Enrico 22–4
    field aligned currents 145
    field-programmable gate array 220
    fine structure constant 26
    fire 24, 32, 119, 226, 236, 279, 330–1, 345
    as ancient element 65, 71
    as process involving gases 73
    fish 134, 164, 204, 206, 241, 243, 246, 265, 267, 274, 276
    flames 63
    flocks (optical interferometer arrays) 131
    floods 159, 333
    Florida 367
    Flower J. W. 370
    fluid dynamics 103
    fluorine 251
    atomic weight of 74
    food supply and population
    growth 100
    forests 110, 161, 222, 229, 284, 312, 322, 346, 365, 381
    Forward, Robert L. 373
    fossils and fossil record 132–3, 146–7, 162,164, 195, 198–200, 238–41, 283, 285–6, 301–5, 307, 310, 318, 320–1, 323–4, 334, 336
    Fountains of Paradise, The
(Clarke)