Hitler 1889-1936: Hubris

disturbed in the extreme. Those who have looked to an underlying love-hate relationship with his mother include Waite, esp. 138–48; Miller, 212–28; Eitner, esp. 21–7; Stierlin, esp. ch.2 (who takes from family-therapy the notion that the child could identify itself in extreme fashion with the sense of being the ‘delegate’ of the unfulfilled dreams of the mother, in this case seeing the salvation of the mother in the quest to save Germany); Walter C. Langer,
The Mind of Adolf Hitler,
London, 1973, esp. 150–52; Rudolph Binion,
Hitler among the Germans,
New York, 1976 (who finds the key to Hitler’s quest to kill the Jews in his subliminal reaction to the death of his mother at the hands of a Jewish doctor); Rudolph Binion, ‘Hitler’s Concept of “Lebensraum”: the Psychological Basis’,
History of Childhood Quarterly,
1 (1973), 187–215 (with subsequent discussion of his hypotheses, 216–58), where Hitler’s perceived mission to provide ‘feeding-ground’ for the ‘motherland’ is located in his need to save and avenge his mother, in the shape of Germany; Erich Fromm,
Anatomie der menschlichen Destruktivät,
Stuttgart, 1974, esp. 337–8; and Erik H. Erikson, ‘The Legend of Hitler’s Youth’, in Robert Paul Wolff (ed.),
Political Man and Social Man,
New York, 1966, 370–96, here esp. 381–3. Surveys of psychological approaches to Hitlerare provided by William Carr,
Hitler: a Study in Personality and Politics,
London, 1978, esp. 149–55; Wolfgang Michalka, ‘Hitler im Spiegel der Psycho-History’,
Francia,
8 (1980), 595–611; Schreiber, Hitler, 316–27; and, most extensively, Thomas Kornbichler,
Adolf-Hitler-Psychogramme,
Frankfurt am Main, 1994. For some of the difficulties in reaching any scientifically sound assessment of Hitler’s later personality, see Desmond Henry and Dick Geary, ‘Adolf Hitler: a re-assessment of his personality status’,
Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine,
10 (1993), 148–51·
    64 . Quotation from Waite, foreword to the 1992 edition, and see, especially, ch.3. The most critical review of Waite’s book was that of another ‘psycho-historian’, Rudolph Binion, in
Journal of Psychohistory,
5 (1977), 295–300. See also Binion’s comment in his review article, ‘Foam on the Hitler Wave’,
JMH,
46 (1974), 522–8, here 525: ‘No hate was manifest in young Hitler as far as the direct evidence discloses.’
    65 . A point made by Smith, 8.
    66 . Smith, 55.
    67 . Max Domarus,
Hitler. Reden und Proklamationen 1932–1945,
Wiesbaden, 1973, 1935 (8 November 1942).
    68 . Smith, 56.
    69 . Smith, 58.
    70 .
MK
, 3.
    71 .
MK,
3–4; Smith, 61; Jetzinger, 73.
    72 . Smith, 62.
    73 . See, e.g.,
Tb
Reuth, iii.1254 (19 August 1938), where Hitler spoke of the happy days of his youth in Leonding and Lambach.
    74 . See Hermann Giesler,
Ein anderer Hitler,
Leoni am Starnberger See, 1977, 96, 99, 215 – 16, 479–80; Zoller, 57; Evan Burr Bukey,
Hitler’s Hometown,
Bloomington/Indianapolis, 1986, esp. 196–201; and Hamann, 11–15. Hitler spoke during the war of turning Linz into a ‘German Budapest’, and was prepared to put 120 million Marks into his grandiose building schemes – ‘money you can do something with’, as Goebbels remarked. See, for example,
TBJG,
II.5, 367 (20 August 1942), 597 (29 September 1942), II.8, 265 (10 May 1943);
Monologe,
284 (19–20 February 1942), 405 (25 June 1943).
    75 .
MΚ,3
.
    76 . Jetzinger, 92.
    77 . Jetzinger, 92.
    78 .
MK,
4. He still had the two-volume work – a ‘treasure loyally guarded’ – in 1912 in the Men’s Home in Vienna (Hamann, 562).
    79 .
MK,
173; Hugo Rabitsch,
Aus Adolf Hitlers Jugendzeit,
Munich, 1938, 12–13; Smith, 66.
    80 . Smith, 66–8; Waite, 11–12, 60. See Hamann, 544–8, for Hitler’s enthusiasm after hearing Karl May speak – even on a pacifist theme – in Vienna in 1912.
    81 . Walter Görlitz,
Adolf Hitler,
Göttingen, 1960, 23.
    82 .
MK,
6.
    83 . Smith, 64; Maser,
Hitler,
62. Though it seems hard to believe, elderly inhabitants of Leonding in the 1950s claimed that Edmund’s parents did not attend the boy’s funeral. See Orr,
Revue,
Nr 40, 36; Waite, 169–70.
    84 . See Smith, 68–9.
    85 .
MK,
5.
    86 . Kubizek, 57.
    87 . Jetzinger, 105–6; Smith, 76, 79.
    88 . Jetzinger, 105–6. For Huemer’s subsequent relationship with Hitler, see Smith, 79 n.34. See also Rabitsch, 57–65 for Huemer’s later visit to Hitler. For Hitler’s schooling, see also Zoller, 47. Hitler later