Modern Mind

Catholic Encyclopaedia,
volume II, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967, page 324.
    78. Jacques Chevallier,
Bergson,
Paris: Plon, 1926.
    79. Soulez, Op.
cit.,
pages 132–133.
    80. Kolakowski, Op.
cit.,
pages 88–91.
    81. Soulez, Op.
cit.,
pages 133–134.
    82.
Ibid.,
pages 142–143.
    83.
Ibid.
    84.
Ibid.,
pages 251 ff.
    85.
New Catholic Encyclopaedia,
volume X, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967, page 1048.
    86.
Ibid.,
volume IX, pages 991–995.
    87. J. G. Frazer,
The Golden Bough,
London: Macmillan, 1890; revised 1900.
    88. René Bazin,
Pius X,
London: Sands & Co., 1928, pages II ff.
    89.
The Catholic Encyclopaedia,
volume X, London: Caxton, 1911, page 415.
    90.
Ibid.,
page 416. For an account of other reactions to
Pascendi,
see: A. N. Wilson,
God’s Funeral,
London: John Murray, 1999, pages 349ff.
    91. Quotes are from: John King Fairbank,
China: A New History,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1994, page 52.
    92. Fairbank, Op.
cit.,
page 53.
    93. Denis Twitchett and John K. Fairbank,
The Cambridge History of China, Volume II, Late Ch’ing, 1800–1911, Part 2,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980, pages 361–362; Fairbank,
Op. cit.,
page 218.
    94. Fairbank, Op.
cit.,
page 224.
    95. O. Edmund Clubb,
Twentieth-Century China,
New York and London: Columbia University Press, 1964, pages 25ff.
    96. Fairbank, Op.
cit.,
page 232.
    97.
Ibid.,
page 240.
    98.
Ibid.,
page 243.
    99. Jerome B. Grieder,
Intellectuals and the State in Modem China,
New York: Free Press/Macmillan, 1981, pages 35ff; Fairbank, Op.
cit.,
page 243.

CHAPTER 5: THE PRAGMATIC MIND OF AMERICA
    1. Edward Bradby (editor),
The University Outside Europe,
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1939, pages 285ff
    2.
Ibid., passim.
    3. Professor Robert Johnston, personal communication.
    4. Bradby, Op.
cit.,
pages 39ff. See also: Samuel Eliot Morison (editor),
The Development of Harvard University,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1930, pages 11 and 158.
    5. Morison, Op.
cit.,
page XC, and Abraham Flexner,
Universities: American, English, German,
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1930, pages 85ff.
    6. Bradby,
Op. cit.,
page 52. Flexner, Op.
cit.,
page 67. It was also noteworthy that in Germany scientificleadership was concentrated in the universities, whereas in Britain the equivalent was located in the private academies, such as the Royal Society, and this also held back the development of the universities.
    7. Flexner,
Op. cit.,
page 124. Bradby, Op.
cit.,
page 57.
    8.
Ibid.,
page 151. See also: E. R. Holme,
The American University,
Sydney: Angus & Robertson, 1920, pages 143ff. Bradby, Op.
cit.,
pages 59–60.
    9. Ray Fuller (editor),
Seven Pioneers of Psychology,
London: Routledge, 1995, page 21.
    10. William James,
Pragmatism,
New York: Longman Green, 1907; reprinted New York: Dover, 1995, pages 4 and 5.
    11. William James,
Varieties of Religious Experience,
London: Longman Green, 1902.
    12.
James, Pragmatism, Op. cit., page 20.
    13. Ibid., pages 33ff.
    14. Arthur Lovejoy,
The Great Chain of Being,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1936.
    15. Ellen Key,
The Century of the Child,
New York: Putnam, 1909.
    16.
Richard Hofstadter, Anti-Intellectualism in American Life, Op. cit., page 362.
    17. John Dewey,
The School and Society,
Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1900; and John Dewey, with E. Dewey,
The School of Tomorrow,
London: Dent, 1915.
    18. Hofstadter,
Op. cit.,
page 366.
    19.
Ibid.,
page 386.
    20. Morison, Op.
cit.,
pages 534–535.
    21. Frederick Winslow Taylor,
The Principles of Scientific Management,
New York: Harper & Bros, 1913.
    22.
Ibid.,
pages 60–61.
    23. Morison, Op.
cit.,
pages 539–540.
    24. Hofstadter, Op.
cit.,
Part IV, pages 233ff.
    25.
Ibid.,
page 266.
    26.
Ibid.,
page 267.
    27.
Ada Louise Huxtable, The Tall Building Artistically Reconsidered: The Search for a Skyscraper Style, New York: Pantheon, 1984.
    28. John Gloag,
The Architectural Interpretation of History,
London: Adam and Charles Black, 1975, page I.
    29. Paul Goldberger,
The Skyscraper,
New York: Knopf, page 9 for a discussion of the significance of the Flatiron Building and page 38 for a reproduction of Steichen’s photograph.
    30. See
ibid.,
page 38 for a reproduction of a famous greetings card of the Flatiron, called ‘Downdrafts at the Flatiron,’ with a drawing of a woman, her petticoats being raised by the wind.
    31. Goldberger, Op.
cit.,
pages 17ff.
    32. John Burchard and Albert