Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America

February 12, 1952.
    288  “How much did they pay you?”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 24.
    288  “Now, as a matter of fact”: Ibid., p. 29.
    289  “one of the best friends”: Ibid., p. 93.
    289  “I would put this county”: Ibid., p. 105.
    290  “gentleman of the frock”: Chicago Defender , February 23, 1952.
    290  “The objection is sustained”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 57.
    290  “I’m here at the wish of the government”: Juan Williams interview with Thurgood Marshall, http://www.thurgoodmarshall.com/interviews/early_naacp.htm. This scene between Marshall and J. J. Elliott is derived from Williams’s interview with Marshall about his early NAACP work.
    291  “our greatest civil rights lawyer”: Collier’s , February 23, 1952.
    291  “So go toward them”: Williams interview with Marshall.
    291  “It shocked me”: FOHP, Williams.
    292  “a heavy woman in a dark dress”: New York Daily Compass , February 12, 1952.
    292  “Well, you got the case”: Williams interview with Marshall.
    292  “clearly implied that”: Greenberg, Crusaders in the Courts , p. 144.
    292  “Well,” he said: Williams interview with Marshall.
    293  “Won’t say it on myself”: Greenberg, Crusaders in the Courts , p. 144.
    293  “who wouldn’t confess”: Ibid.
    293  “I’ll take a life sentence”: New York Daily Compass , February 17, 1952.
    294  shout “Nigger!” over and over: Life , September 20, 1948.
    294  “see it when it was made up”: Chicago Defender , February 23, 1952.
    294  “Well, this Deputy Sheriff”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 144.
    295  Marshall had also learned: Byrd to Carter, LDF, Ocotber 21, 1951.
    295  “best colored man on the panel”: Chicago Defender , February 23, 1952.
    295  “If he says the boy is good”: Ibid.
    295  “An ingenious man”: Ibid.
    296  “remarkable,” according to one reporter: New York Daily Compass , February 13, 1952.
    296  “hit quite a few licks”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 295.
    296  “Dressed for a party”: Greenberg, Crusaders in the Courts , p. 145.
    296  “coral-colored cardigan sweater”: New York Daily Compass , February 13, 1952.
    297  “Why would a ‘rape victim’ strut”: Crisis , Vol. 56, October 1949.
    297  “bone-poor”: New York Daily Compass , February 13, 1952.
    297  “has the bent carriage”: Ibid.
    297  “which often could not be heard”: Ibid.
    297  “Grab the lady”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 302.
    298  “That’s all, brother”: New York Daily Compass , February 13, 1952.
    298  “One of them said”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 305.
    299    “The nigger Shepherd . . .” : FOHP, Williams.
    299  “Now, Norma, this is”: FL. vs. Irvin , p. 310.
    299  “You had a farmer jury”: FHW Papers, Chesley.
    300  “What did you tell him?”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 321.
    300  “You watch her on the witness stand”: New York Daily Compass , February 13, 1952.
    300  “gum-chewing husky”: Ibid.
    301  “protecting the integrity”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 339.
    301  “Now, Mr. Yates,” Hunter began: Ibid., p. 341.
    302  “emission of seed”: Ibid., p. 494.
    302  “the old common Florida way”: Ibid., p. 513.
    302  “Now, Mr. Yates, is it true”: Ibid., p. 372.
    Chapter 20: A Genius Here Before Us
    303  “a spread collar”: New York Daily Compass , February 14, 1952.
    303  Howard would break his share of vows: Author interview with Kim Howard, April 12, 2011.
    304  “Just tell what happened”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 374.
    304  “Why did you rape”: MM 44-156, FBI.
    305  “Did you tell them”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 376.
    305  They had been classmates: Leesburg High School Yearbook, 1947.
    305  “Well, I asked her”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 376.
    305  “as smooth as Willie is bucolic”: New York Daily Compass , February 14, 1952.
    306  The Groveland case was never mentioned: Author interview with Kim Howard, April 12, 1952.
    306  “My mother was a saint”: Ibid.
    306 – 7  “The absence of medical proof”: New York Daily Compass , February 17, 1952.
    307  “We need you very much”: S. Ralph Harlow to Lawrence Burtoft, LDF, January 15, 1952.
    307  “hit over the head”: Fl. v. Irvin , p. 388.
    308  “at least one Ku Klux Klan member”: New York Daily Compass , February 17, 1952.
    309  “genuine fear of reprisals”: Caxton Doggett to Greenberg, LDF, January 31, 1952.
    309  “wanted him to let his conscience”: