The Lord of the Rings

given only to the days before the casting out of Morgoth. The histories of that time are not recorded here.
    The Second Age
     
    These were the dark years for Men of Middle-earth, but the years of the glory of Númenor. Of events in Middle-earth the records are few and brief, and their dates are often uncertain.
    In the beginning of this age many of the High Elves still remained. Most of these dwelt in Lindon west of the Ered Luin; but before the building of the Barad-dûr many of the Sindar passed eastward, and some established realms in the forests far away, where their people were mostly Silvan Elves. Thranduil, king in the north of Greenwood the Great, was one of these. In Lindon north of the Lune dwelt Gil-galad, last heir of the kings of the Noldor in exile. He was acknowledged as High King of the Elves of the West. In Lindon south of the Lune dwelt for a time Celeborn, kinsman of Thingol; his wife was Galadriel, greatest of Elven women. She was sister of Finrod Felagund, Friend-of-Men, once king of Nargothrond, who gave his life to save Beren son of Barahir.
    Later some of the Noldor went to Eregion, upon the west of the Misty Mountains, and near to the West-gate of Moria. This they did because they learned that
mithril
had been discovered in Moria. 4 The Noldor were greatcraftsmen and less unfriendly to the Dwarves than the Sindar; but the friendship that grew up between the people of Durin and the Elven-smiths of Eregion was the closest that there has ever been between the two races. Celebrimbor was Lord of Eregion and the greatest of their craftsmen; he was descended from Fëanor.
     
Year
1
Foundation of the Grey Havens, and of Lindon.
32
The Edain reach Númenor.
c.
 40
Many Dwarves leaving their old cities in Ered Luin go to Moria and swell its numbers.
442
Death of Elros Tar-Minyatur.
c.
 500
Sauron begins to stir again in Middle-earth.
521
Birth in Númenor of Silmariën.
600
The first ships of the Númenóreans appear off the coasts.
750
Eregion founded by the Noldor.
c.
 1000
Sauron, alarmed by the growing power of the Númenóreans, chooses Mordor as a land to make into a stronghold. He begins the building of Barad-dûr.
1075
Tar-Ancalimë becomes the first Ruling Queen of Númenor.
1200
Sauron endeavours to seduce the Eldar. Gil-galad refuses to treat with him; but the smiths of Eregion are won over. The Númenóreans begin to make permanent havens.
c.
 1500
The Elven-smiths instructed by Sauron reach the height of their skill. They begin the forging of the Rings of Power.
c.
 1590
The Three Rings are completed in Eregion.
c.
 1600
Sauron forges the One Ring in Orodruin. He completes the Barad-dûr. Celebrimbor perceives the designs of Sauron.
1693
War of the Elves and Sauron begins. The Three Rings are hidden.
1695
Sauron’s forces invade Eriador. Gil-galad sends Elrond to Eregion.
1697
Eregion laid waste. Death of Celebrimbor. The gates of Moria are shut. Elrond retreats with remnant of the Noldor and founds the refuge of Imladris.
1699
Sauron overruns Eriador.
1700
Tar-Minastir sends a great navy from Númenor to Lindon. Sauron is defeated.
1701
Sauron is driven out of Eriador. The Westlands have peace for a long while.
c.
 1800
From about this time onward the Númenóreans begin to establish dominions on the coasts. Sauron extends his power eastwards. The shadow falls on Númenor.
2251
Death of Tar-Atanamir. Tar-Ancalimon takes the sceptre. Rebellion and division of the Númenóreans begins. About this time the Nazgûl or Ringwraiths, slaves of the Nine Rings, first appear.
2280
Umbar is made into a great fortress of Númenor.
2350
Pelargir is built. It becomes the chief haven of the Faithful Númenóreans.
2899
Ar-Adûnakhor takes the sceptre.
3175
Repentance of Tar-Palantir. Civil war in Númenor.
3255
Ar-Pharazôn the Golden seizes the sceptre.
3261
Ar-Pharazôn sets sail and lands at Umbar.
3262
Sauron is taken as prisoner to Númenor; 3262-3310 Sauron seduces the King and corrupts the Númenóreans.
3310
Ar-Pharazôn begins the building of the Great Armament.
3319
Ar-Pharazôn assails Valinor. Downfall of Númenor. Elendil and his sons escape.
3320
Foundations of the Realms in Exile: Arnor and Gondor. The Stones are divided (p. 598 ). Sauron returns to Mordor.
3429
Sauron attacks Gondor, takes Minas Ithil and burns the White Tree. Isildur escapes down Anduin and goes to Elendil in the North. Anárion defends Minas Anor and Osgiliath.
3430
The Last Alliance of Elves and Men is