Jerusalem. The Biography

Gate, Crusader style and workshop on Temple Mount 191–8. Prawer,
Latin Kingdom
97–102 on coronations; True Cross 32–3; crown 94–125. On True Cross: Imad quoted in Grabar,
Shape of the Holy
136. James Fleming,
Biblical Archaeology Review
, January–February 1969, 30. Shanks 84–5. Red tent of king: Runciman 2.458–9; Crusader style 3.368–83. Style and reuse of Herodian stones, citadel and towers: Kroyanker 4, 37–43.
3 Baldwin II: Tyerman 206–8. Gift for kingship: al-Qalanisi, Gabrieli 40. Jerusalem: Bahat,
Atlas
90–101. Royal palaces, palace close to Sepulchre: Boas,
Jerusalem
77–80. Palace: Arnald von Harf quoted in Peters,
Jerusalem
355.
On the Orders, this is based on Jonathan Riley-Smith,
The Knights of St John in Jerusalem and Cyprus 1050–1310
; Piers Paul Read,
The Templars;
Michael Haag,
The Templars: History and Myth
; Boas,
Jerusalem
; and Prawer,
Latin Kingdom
. Templar Temple Mount: Theodorich,
Description of the Holy Places
30–2. Templar traditions, rules: Anonymous Pilgrim quoted in Peters,
Jerusalem
323. Military organization, knights, Turcopoles: Tyerman 220, 228 and orders 169. Orders: Boas,
Jerusalem
26–30; Templar Temple Mount, baths 142–60; stables quoting John of Wurzburg and Theodorich (10,000 horses) 163; Hospitallers 156–9. Prawer,
Latin Kingdom
252–79. Orders: Runciman 2.312–14. Crusaders on Temple Mount: Oleg Grabar,
The Dome of the Rock
163. The Crusader Haram: Kedar and Pringle,
Sacred Esplanade
133–49. On Temple Mount: Church on Antonia site, Michael Hamilton Burgoyne,
Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Survey
204–5; Templar Hall on south-west corner of Temple Mount 260–1; Templar Augustinian Canons north of Dome. Single gate with access to Solomon’s Stables:
Archaeological Park
31. On Armenian settlement and rebuilding of St James’s Cathedral after 1141: Dorfmann-Lazarev, ‘Historical Itinerary of the Armenian People in Light of its Biblical Memory’.
4 Fulk and Melisende, based on William of Tyre 2.50–93 and 135; character of Melisende 2.283. Tyerman 207–9. Runciman 2.178, 233, 190. Coronation of Jerusalem kings:
Conquest of Jerusalem and the Third Crusade: Old French Continuation of William of Tyre and Sources in Translation
(henceforth
Continuation
) 15. Calendar and rituals: Boas,
Jerusalem
30–2; chief political posts 21–5; coronation 32–5. Prawer,
Latin Kingdom
97–102 on coronations.
Zangi and Edessa: al-Athir, Gabrieli 41–3 and 50–1; character and death 53–5; Qalinisi 44–50; Usamah on life in Zangi army, Zangi king of amirs 38 and 169–71. Zangi: Phillips,
Warriors
75–6; Ibn Jubayr quoted on wedding 47; coronation 56–8; penalties for adultery 60–1; psalter as Fulk’s gift 69–71; Holy Sepulchre 103.Zangi, character: Asbridge,
Crusades
225–7.
5 Usamah bin Munqidh,
The Book of Contemplation: Islam and the Crusades
(henceforth Usamah – scholar, cavalier, Muslim 26; Zangi king of amirs 38; brutality of amirs 169–71; hunting with Zangi 202–3; loss of library 44; importance of Islam and jihad, father 63–4 and 202; Eastern doctors 66; Franks’ medicine 145–6; meetings with Fulk 76–7; goshawk 205–6; pilgrimage to Jerusalem 250; buying hostages 93; meeting Baldwin II 94; father cuts arm off servant 129; Frankish converts to Islam 142–3; nature of Franks’ invitation to Europe 144; at Temple 147–8; women and pubic shaving 148–50; law 151–2; Franks acclimatized to East 153; small things and death 156; victory and God 160.
Description of markets and streets: condition of the city of Jerusalem 1187 quoted in Peters,
Jerusalem
298–303. The Crusader Haram: Kedar and Pringle,
Sacred Esplanade
133–49. Commerce: Prawer,
Latin Kingdom
408–9. On Syrian doctors, see William of Tyre on death of Baldwin III and Amaury. Population and adoption of Eastern customs: Fulcher,
History
2.vi, 6–9 and 3.xxxvii. Different peoples in Jerusalem: anonymous pilgrim in Peters 307–8. Ali al-Harawi, on pictures in Dome: Peters,
Jerusalem
313–18. Templars ride out to practise daily: Benjamin of Tudela,
The Itinerary of Benjamin of Tudela
20–3; see also Wright,
Early Travellers
. Jerusalem in 1165, ‘people of all tongues’, Jews pray at Golden Gate: Benjamin of Tudela quoted in Wright 83–6. Jerusalem 1103: Saewulf quoted in Wright,
Early Travellers
31–9. On festivals, City of Jerusalem guide and al-Harawi: Peters
Jerusalem
, 302–18.
On Armenian settlement and rebuilding of St James’s Cathedral after