Mayflower

Ulrich’s Good Wives: Image and Reality in the Lives of Women in Northern New England: “a woman’s pocket was not attached to her clothing, but tied around her waist with a string or tape…. A pocket could be a mended and patched pouch of plain homespunor a rich personal ornament boldly embroidered in crewel,” p. 34. Ulrich also writes revealingly of Rowlandson’s captivity, pp. 226–34. On the meeting between Philip and Canonchet on March 9, 1676, see Temple’s History of North Brookfield, pp. 127–28. Richard Scott’s rant against Daniel Gookin appears in Simon Willard’s March 4, 1676, “Deposition of Elizabeth Belcher, Martha Remington, and Mary Mitchell,” at MHS. Jenny Pulsipher points out that Scott had served under Captain Moseley in Subjects unto the Same King, p. 155. Gookin writes of the threatened attack on the Praying Indians on Deer Island in Doings and Sufferings of the Christian Indians, p. 494.
    The court order requiring all of Nemasket’s Praying Indians to relocate to Clark’s Island is in PCR, vol. 5, p. 187. All quotations from Benjamin Church are from EPRPW, pp. 66–71. My account of the Pierce massacre is based primarily on Hubbard’s HIWNE, pp. 172–77; Leonard Bliss’s History of Rehoboth, pp. 88–95; Harris, A Rhode Islander Reports, edited by Douglas Leach, pp. 41–43; and Increase Mather in HKPW, pp. 125–27. In an April 19, 1676, letter the Rehoboth minister Noah Newman writes, “The burial of the slain [from Pierce’s Fight] took us three days,” Curwen Papers, AAS. In a letter written in early April 1676, John Kingsley describes the attack on Rehoboth: “They burnt our mills, wreck the stones, yea, our grinding stones; and what was hid in the earth they found, corn and fowls, killed cattle and took the hind quarters and left the rest,” CCR, vol. 2, p. 446; he refers to the resident who was killed with the Bible in his hands as a “silly man.” Roger Williams describes the attack on Providence and his meeting with the Indians in an April 1, 1676, letter to his brother Robert Williams living on Aquidneck Island in Correspondence, vol. 2, pp. 720–24. Increase Mather in HKPW writes of the “sore and (doubtless) malignant colds prevailing everywhere. I cannot hear of one family in New England that hath wholly escaped the distemper…. We in Boston have seen…coffins meetingone another, and three or four put into their graves in one day,” pp. 153–54. Most of the quotations describing the capture and execution of Canonchet are from volume 2 of Hubbard’s HIWNE, pp. 55–60. Saltonstall in OIC tells how the Pequots, Mohegans, and Niantics “shared in the glory of destroying so great a prince,” p. 232. The Nipmuck sachems’ scornful response to possible negotiations on April 12, 1676, is cited by Dennis Connole in The Indians of the Nipmuck Country in Southern New England, p. 200. On groundnuts going to seed in early summer, see Howard Russell’s Indian New England before the Mayflower, p. 156. The much more conciliatory letter from the Nipmuck Sagamore Sam is also cited by Connole, p. 201.
    Samuel Moseley’s belated request for “fifty or sixty apt or other trusty Indians, to be armed at the country’s charge,” is in the May 5, 1676, minutes of the Massachusetts General Court in Records of Massachusetts-Bay, edited by Nathaniel Shurtleff, vol. 5, p. 95. Gookin describes the return of the Praying Indians from Deer Island as “a jubilee” in Doings and Sufferings, p. 517. On the battle at Turner’s Falls, see Hubbard’s HIWNE, pp. 229–34. Sagamore Sam refers to how the attacks by Turner and Captain Henchman “destroyed those Indians” and how Philip and Quinnapin “went away to their own country again” in a June letter to Governor Leverett; see OIC, p. 272.
    CHAPTER SIXTEEN- The Better Side of the Hedge
    All quotations from Benjamin Church are from EPRPW, pp. 71–182. For more information on Awashonks, see Ann Marie Plane’s “Putting a Face on Colonization: Factionalism and Gender Politics in the Life History of Awashunkes, the ‘Squaw Sachem’ of Saconet,” in Northeastern Indian Lives, 1632–1816. edited by Robert Grumet, pp. 140–65. Increase Mather writes of the attack on Swansea on June 16, 1676, in HKPW, p. 162. Hubbard in HIWNE details