Modern Mind

The Later Wittgenstein: The Emergence of a New Philosophical Method, Oxford: Blackwell, 1987, page 191.
    12. Ludwig Wittgenstein,
Philosophical Investigations,
Oxford: Blackwell, 1953 (edited by G. E. M. Anscombe and R. Rhees). Wittgenstein had begun writing this book in 1931 – see Hilmy, Op.
cit.,
page 50.
    13. P. M. S. Hacker,
Wittgenstein, Op. cit.,
page 8.
    14. Though even professional philosophers do refer to them as games. And see Hilmy,
Op. cit.,
chapters 3 and 4.
    15. Wittgenstein,
Philosophical Investigations, Op. cit.,
page 109, quoted in Hacker, Op.
cit.,
page 11.
    16. Magee (editor), Op.
cit.,
page 89.
    17. Hacker, Op.
cit.,
page 16.
    18.
Ibid.,
page 18.
    19. Many of the paragraphs were originally written at the end of World War Two, which is why he may have chosen pain as an example. See: Monk,
Op. cit.,
pages 479–480. See also Hilmy,
Op. cit.,
page 134, and Hacker, Op.
cit.,
page 21.
    20. Wittgenstein,
Op. cit.,
page 587, quoted in Hacker, Op.
cit.,
page 24.
    21.
Ibid.,
page 31.
    22. Magee (editor),
Op. cit.,
page 90; and Hacker,
Op. cit.,
page 40.
    23.
Martin L. Gross, The Psychological Society, New
York: Simon & Schuster, 1979, page 200.
    24.
Ibid.,
page 201.
    25. H. M. Halverson, ‘Genital and Sphincter Behavior in the Male Infant,
’ Journal of Genetic Psychology,
volume 56, pages 95–136. Quoted in Gross,
Op. cit.,
page 220.
    26. See also: H. J. Eysenck,
Decline and Fall of the Freudian Empire,
London: Viking, 1985, especially chapters 5 and 6.
    27. Ralph Linton,
Culture and Mental Disorder,
Springfield, Illinois: Charles C. Thomas, 1956, quoted in Gross,
Op. cit.,
page 219.
    28.
Ray Fuller (editor), Seven Pioneers of Psychology, Op. cit., page 126.
    29. B. F. Skinner,
Science and Human Behavior,
Glencoe: The Free Press, 1953.
    30.
Ibid.,
pages 263ff.
    31.
Ibid.,
page 375.
    32.
Ibid.,
pages 377–378.
    33. Fuller (editor).
Op. cit.,
page 113.
    34. B. F. Skinner,
Verbal Behavior,
New York: Apple-ton-Century-Crofts, 1957.
    35.
Ibid.,
pages 81ff.
    36. Noam Chomsky,
Syntactic Structures,
The Hague: Mouton, 1957. See also: Roger Smith,
The Fontana History of the Human silences, Op. cit.,
page 672. And: John Lyons,
Chomsky,
London: Fontana/Collins, 1970, page 14.
    37. Noam Chomsky,
Language and the Mind,
New York: Harcourt Brace, 1972, pages 13 and 100ff. Lyons,
Op. cit.,
page 18.
    38. Lyons,
Op. cit.,
pages 105–106.
    39. Fuller (editor),
Op. cit.,
page 117.
    40. Published by Pelican as: John Bowlby,
Child Care and the Growth of Love,
1953.
    41.
Ibid.,
pages 18ff.
    42.
Ibid.,
pages 5off.
    43.
Ibid.,
pages 161ff.
    44. Fernando Vidal,
Piaget Before Piaget,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1994, pages 206–207.
    45. Peter E. Bryant, ‘Piaget’, in Fuller (editor), Op.
cit.,
page 133.
    46. Two books out of the many Piaget wrote provide a good introduction to his work and methods:
The Language and Thought of the Child,
London: Kegan Paul, Trench and Trubner, 1926; and
Six Psychological Studies,
London: University of London Press, 1968.
    47. Bryant, Op.
cit.,
pages 135ff.
    48. Vidal, Op.
cit.,
page 230.
    49. Bryant,
Op. cit.,
page 136.
    50. Vidal, Op.
cit.,
page 231.
    51.
Weatherall, In Search of a Cure, Op. cit., page 254.
    52.
Ibid.,
page 255.
    53.
Ibid.,
page 257.
    54. David Healy,
The Anti-Depressant Era,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1997, page 45.
    55.
Ibid.,
pages 61–62. Weatherall,
Op. cit.,
pages 258–259.
    56. Healy,
Op. cit.,
pages 52–54, which discusses the influential
Nature
article of 1960 on this subject.
    57. Gregory Bateson, ‘Toward a Theory of Schizophrenia,’
Behavioral Science,
volume I, Number 4, 1956.
    58. Adrian Laing, Op.
cit.,
page 138.
    59.
Ibid.,
page 71. Former patients told Laing’s son, when he was researching his book on his father, that LSD was beneficial. See: page 71.
    60.
Jamison and Eyerman, Seeds of the Sixties, Op. cit., pages 122–123.
    61.
Ibid.,
page 123.
    62.
Herbert Marcuse, One-Dimensional Man: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1964.
    63. Marcuse, Op.
cit.,
page 156. Jamison and Eyerman,
Op. cit.,
page 127.
    64.
Ibid.,
pages 193ff.
    65. See: Herbert Marcuse,
Counter-Revolution and Revolt,
London: Allen Lane, 1972, page 105, for the ‘antagonistic unity’ between art and revolution in this context.

CHAPTER 29: MANHATTAN TRANSFER
    1. Moshe Pearlman,
The Capture of Adolf Eichmann,
London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1961, especially