Hitler 1889-1936: Hubris

1969, 68, 72–3; Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
197.
    13 . Tyrell,
Führer,
73.
    14 . Roland V. Layton, ‘The
Völkischer Beobachter,
1920–1933: The Nazi Party Newspaper in the Weimar Era’,
Central European History,
4 (1970), 353–82, here 359.
    15 . Tyrell,
Führer,
68.
    16 . Jablonsky, 192 n.1.
    17 . Tyrell,
Führer,
81–2.
    18 . Jablonsky, 10, 22, 179 n.16, 181–2n.67.
    19 . Jablonsky, 58–63, 175.
    20 . Sonderarchiv Moscow, 1355/I/2, Fol. 75, Privatkanzlei Adolf Hitler, Rudolf Heß to Kurt Günther, 29 July 1925.
    21 . Tyrell,
Führer,
76; Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
231.
    22 . Lüdecke, 218; and see Jablonsky, 85.
    23 . Sonderarchiv Moscow, 1355/I/2, Fol.286. Rudolf Heß to Wilhelm Sievers, 11 May 1925.
    24 . Tyrell,
Führer,
76.
    25 . Erich Matthias and Rudolf Morsey (eds.),
Das Ende der Parteien 1933,
Königstein,Ts/Düsseldorf, 1969, 782; Hagmann, 15*–16*. The Franconian heartlands of Nazism recorded even higher levels of support for the Völkischer Block: 24.5 per cent in Upper Franconia and 24.7 per cent in Middle Franconia (Hagmann, 18*).
    26 . Jablonsky, 85.
    27 . Jochmann (ed.),
Nationalsozialismus und Revolution,
77, 114.
    28 . Jablonsky, 87–8.
    29 . Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
252; Jablonsky, 89.
    30 . Tyrell,
Führer,
77–8, cit. from
Der Pommersche Beobachter,
11 June 1924; Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
253.
    31 . Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
256–7; Noakes,
Nazi Party,
45.
    32 . Jablonsky, 93.
    33 . Jochmann, 77–8; Deuerlein,
Aufstieg,
234; Jablonsky, 94–5; and see Hitler’s letter of 23 June to Albert Stier, in Tyrell,
Führer,
78.
    34 . Jochmann, 91; Jablonsky, 95.
    35 . Deuerlein,
Aufstieg,
235–6; Jablonsky, 96. He had told Ludendorff of his decision to withdraw early in June but had been asked to delay a public announcement.
    36 . Jablonsky, 96.
    37 . Tyrell,
Führer,
77–8.
    38 . Jochmann, 90. Hitler seems to have indicated his decision to Ludendorff at a meeting, also attended by Graefe, on 12 June, the day after the appearance of the newspaper statement in question (Jablonsky, 96 and 203 n.19).
    39 . See Lüdecke, 222, for such an interpretation.
    40 . Lüdecke, 222–4 (quotation, 224).
    41 . Jablonsky, 90–91, 99–101.
    42 . Tyrell,
Führer,
79. The date is mistakenly given in the press statement as 15–17 July, not August.
    43 . Tyrell,
Führer,
80; Jablonsky, 101–2.
    44 . Jochmann, 96–7.
    45 . Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
261–5; Jablonsky, 103–7.
    46 . Jochmann, 120–21.
    47 . Jochmann, 122–4; Jablonsky, 111; Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
266. Hitler, noted Fobke, was preoccupied with his book, of which he had high expectations. It was scheduled for mid-October. Hitler fully expected to be free on 1 October, though Fobke added that he could not see the reason for his optimism (Jochmann, 124).
    48 . Jochmann, 125–7(quotation, 126).
    49 . Jablonsky, 118–23, 210 n.189, cit.
Völkischer Kurier,
Nr 165, 19 August 1924.
    50 . Jochmann, 130–37; Jablonsky, 124–5.
    51 . Jablonsky, 125–8.
    52 . Jochmann, 154, 165; Tyrell,
Trommler,
167; Jablonsky, 135–9.
    53 . Tyrell,
Führer,
86–7.
    54 . Jablonsky, 142–5.
    55 . Tyrell,
Führer,
76; Deuerlein,
Aufstieg,
241, 427; Hanfstaengl, 15
Jahre,
163; Franz-Willing,
Putsch,
276.
    56 .Deuerlein,
Aufstieg,
241; Hanfstaengl, 15
Jahre,
163; Jablonsky, 150.
    57 . Gritschneder,
Bewährungsfrist,
97–8.
    58 . Deuerlein,
Aufstieg,
238–9.
    59 . On 16 September, the Munich police had found incriminating files of members and correspondence in the house of Wilhelm Brückner, formerly the Munich SA leader, and Karl Osswald, a former leader of the Reichskriegsflagge (Jablonsky, 132).
    60 . Gritschneder,
Bewährungsfrist,
101–2.
    61 . Gritschneder,
Bewährungsfrist,
103–10.
    62 . In a report of 26 September, the day after this judgement, however, Prison Governor Leybold accepted the seriousness of the breach of trust in smuggling out a number of letters, though his criticism was aimed at Kriebel and Weber, not at Hitler (Gritschneder,
Bewährungsfrist,
109–10).
    63 . Jablonsky, 132–3.
    64 . Gritschneder,
Bewährungsfrist,
114–16.
    65 . Gritschneder,
Bewährungsfrist,
116–18.
    66 . Hitler, Kriebel and Weber had attempted, in a declaration of 26 September, to distance themselves from Röhm’s plans for the Frontbann and show their disapproval of his actions. Hitler emphasized that he had laid down his political leadership, and that his refusal to be involved in the defence organizations set up by Röhm followed as a matter of course