Modern Mind

Gribbin,
Op.
cit., pages 216–217.
    29. David Deutsch,
The Fabric of Reality,
London: Allen Lane The Penguin Press, 1997; Penguin paperback, 1998, pages 1–29 for an introduction; see also: Horgan, Op.
cit.,
pages 222–223; and: P. C. W. Davies and J. Brown (editors),
Superstrings: A Theory of Everything?,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988, pages 1–5.
    30.
Brian Greene, The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory, London: Jonathan Cape, 1998, pages 174–176.
    31. Apart from the works already quoted, see: Richard Feynman,
The Meaning of It All,
New York: Addison Wesley Longman; London: Allen Lane, The Penguin Press, 1998; Paul Davies,
The Mind of God: Science and the Search for Ultimate Meaning,
New York and London: Simon & Schuster, 1992; Penguin paperback, 1993; Ian Stewart,
Does God Play Dice?,
Oxford: Blackwell, 1989; Penguin paperback, 1990; Timothy Ferris,
The Whole Shebang: A State-of-the-Universe(s) Report,
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997. Note the somewhat ambitious flavour of the tides.
    32.
Greene, Op. cit., passim.
    33.
Ibid.,
pages 10–13. See also: Davies and Brown, Op.
cit.,
pages 26–29.
    34. Greene,
Op. cit.,
pages 136–137.
    35. Davies and Brown,
Op. cit.,
page 90, for an interview with Witten, and pages 170–191 for interviews with Abdus Salam and Sheldon Glashow. See also: Greene, Op
cit.,
pages 140–141.
    36. Greene,
Op. cit.,
pages 187ff.
    37.
Ibid.,
pages 329–331.
    38.
Ibid.,
page 362.
    39.
Ibid.,
page 379.
    40. James Gleick,
Chaos: Making a New Science,
New York: Penguin, 1987.
    41. Horgan, Op.
cit.,
pages 193–194.
    42. George Johnson,
Strange Beauty,
London: Jonathan Cape, 1999. See also: Horgan, Op.
cit.,
pages 211–215.
    43. Horgan, Op.
cit.,
pages 203–206 and 208.
    44. Philip Anderson, ‘More is different,’
Science,
August 4, 1972, page 393. Quoted in Horgan, Op.
cit.,
pages 209–210.
    45. Ian Stewart,
Life’s Other Secret,
New York: Wiley, 1998; Penguin paperback, 1999.
    46. Stewart, Op.
cit.,
page xiii. A certain amount of revisionism has set in with regard to computers and mathematics. See, for example: P.J. R. Millican and A. Clark (editors),
Machines and Thought: The Legacy of Alan Turing,
volume 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. Though David Deutsch, in
The Fabric of Reality, Op. cit.,
page 354, considers the Turing principle a fundamental of nature.
    47.
Ibid.,
page 22.
    48.
Ibid.,
page 66.
    49.
Ibid.,
pages 89–90.
    50. See: Blay Whitby, ‘The Turing Test: AI’s Biggest Blind Alley?’, in Millican and Clark (editors). Op
cit.,
pages 53ff; See also: Stewart,
Op. cit.,
pages 95ff.
    51. Stewart,
Op. cit.,
pages 96ff.
    52.
Ibid.
, page 162.
    53.
Ibid.
    54. See: Joseph Ford, ‘Chaos: Past, Present, and Future’, in Millican and Clark (editors),
Op. cit.,
who takes the opposite view. ‘… order is totally dull; chaos is truly fascinating’ – page 259. ‘… in essence evolution is controlled chaos’ – page 260. In this book, Clark Glymour also considers whether there are ‘orders of order’ – page 278ff See also: Stewart, Op.
cit.,
page 245.

CONCLUSION: THE POSITIVE HOUR
    1. T. S. Eliot,
Collected Poems 1909–1935,
London: Faber, 1936, page 93.
    2. Jared Diamond,
Guns, Germs and Steel,
London: Jonathan Cape, 1997.
    3.
Ibid.,
see map at page 177.
    4.
Ibid.,
page 57.
    5.
Ibid., page 58.
    6. Francis Fukuyama,
The End of History and the Last Man,
Glencoe: The Free Press, 1992.
    7.
Ibid.,
page xi.
    8.
Ibid.,
page xii.
    9.
Ibid.,
page xiv.
    10.
Ibid.,
page 196.
    11. David Landes,
The Wealth and Poverty of Nations,
New York: W. W. Norton, 1998; Abacus paperback, 1999
    12.
Ibid.,
page 312.
    13.
John Horgan, The End of Science: Facing theLimits of Knowledge in the Twilight of the Scientific Age, Op. cit.
    14.
Ibid.,
pages 9–10.
    15.
Ibid.,
page 152.
    16.
Ibid.
    17.
Ibid.,
pages 152–153. Not dissimilar views were expressed by David Bohm, an American physicist-philosopher who left the United States at the height of the McCarthy era, settling in Britain. Bohm, like Fritjof Capra after him, in
The Tao of Physics
(London: Wildwood House, 1975), made links between Eastern religions and modern physics, which Bohm called the ‘implicate order’. In Bohm’s view, the current distinction between art and science is temporary. ‘It didn’t exist in the past, and there’s no reason why it should go on in the future.’ Science is not the mere accumulation of facts but