Hitler 1889-1936: Hubris

deserves’
(TBJG,
I.2, 340–41, 17 January 1933).
    148 . BDC, Gregor Strasser, Parteikorrespondenz, Antragsschein zum Erwerb des Ehrenzeichens der alten Parteimitglieder der NSDAP, 29 January 1934; Besitzurkunde, 1 February 1934.
    149 . BDC, OPG-Akte Albert Pietzsch, Gregor Strasser to Rudolf Heß, 18 June 1934.
    150 . See Stachura, ‘“Der Fall Strasser”’, 110.
    151 . See Stachura, ‘“Der Fall Strasser”’, 113.
    152 . BAK, ΝS22/110, ‘Denkschrift über die inneren Gründe für die Verfügungen zur Herstellung einer erhöhten Schlagkraft der Bewegung’; see Orlow, i.294–6. The directions for the reordering of the party’s apparatus that followed the memorandum, drafted by Ley, put into operation the changes in the organizational structure which had been determined on 9 December (Orlow, i.293 and n.234, 294 and n.239). Goebbels showed a copy of the memorandum to Hitler at a crisis-point in the war, in January 1943, remarking in his diary that the memorandum contained ‘such classical arguments’ that it could still be used without any amendment. Hitler had completely forgotten about the document
(TBJG,
II.7, 177 (23 January 1943)).
    153 . All the above from BAK, ΝS 22/110.
    154 . See Orlow, i.296.
    155 . Abelshauser, Faust and Petzina (eds.),
Deutsche Sozialgeschichte 1914–1945,
327–8; Petzina
et al., Sozialgeschichtliches Arbeitsbuch III,
61, 70, 84.
    156 . Deuerlein,
Aufstieg,
411.
    157 . Abelshauser
et al., Deutsche Sozialgeschichte,
328.
    158 . See Allen, 136–7; Abelshauser
et al., Deutsche Sozialgeschichte,
343–4.
    159 . Siegfried Bahne, ‘Die Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands’, in Erich Matthias and Rudolf Morsey (eds.),
Das Ende der Parteien 1933,
Königstein/Ts., 1979, 655–739, here 662. For the radicalization of the unemployed, see Anthony McElligott, ‘Mobilising the Unemployed: The KPD and the Unemployed Workers’ Movement in Hamburg-Altona during the Weimar Republic’, in Evans and Geary,
The German
Unemployed,
228–60; and Eva Rosenhaft,
Beating the Fascists? The German Communists and Political Violence, 1929–1933,
London, 1983.
    160 . See Fischer,
Stormtroopers,
esp. 45–8 and ch.8.
    161 . See Detlev Peukert, ‘The Lost Generation: Youth Unemployment at the End of the Weimar Republic’, in Evans and Geary,
The German Unemployed,
I72–93, here esp. 188–9; and Peter D. Stachura, ‘The Social and Welfare Implications of Youth Unemployment in Weimar Germany’, in Stachura,
Unemployment,
I21–47, here 140.
    162 . Cornelia Rauh-Kühne,
Katholisches Milieu und Kleinstadtgesellschaft. Ettlingen 1918–1939,
Sigmaringen, 1991, 270.
    163 . A point emphasized by Dick Geary, ‘Unemployment and Working-Class Solidarity: the German Experience 1929–33’, in Evans and Geary,
The German Unemployed,
261–80; see also the contribution to the same volume (194–227) by Eva Rosenhaft, ‘The Unemployed in the Neighbourhood: Social Dislocation and Political Mobilisation in Germany, 1929–1933’.
    164 . Among many examples: BHStA, MA 102151, RPvUF, 5 January 1933; MA 102138, RPvOB, 5 December 1932.
    165 . See, e.g., BHStA, MA 102154, RPvMF, 19 October 1932.
    166 . BHStA, MA 102154, RPvOF/MF, 5 January 1933 (citing a report from the District Office (Bezirksamt) of Ansbach).
    167 . BHStA, MA 106672, RPvNB/OP, 19 January 1933.
    168 . BHStA, MA 106672, RPvNB/OP 3 February 1933.
    169 . BHStA, MA 102144, RPvNB/OP 6 December 1932.
    170 . BHStA, MA 106672, RPvNB/OP, 3 February 1933, 20 February 1933.
    171 . See the analysis of ideological preference, levels of disaffection, and dimensions of prejudice in Merkl, 450–527.
    172 . BHStA, MA 102155/3, RPvNB/OP 16 December 1932 (citing Bezirksamt Ebermannstadt).
    173 . Heinrich August Winkler, ‘German Society, Hitler, and the Illusion of Restoration 1930–33’, J
ournal of Contemporary History,
I1 (1976), 10–n; Heinrich August Winkler,
Mittelstand, Demokratie und Nationalsozialismus,
Cologne, 1972, 166–79.
    174 . See Michael H. Kater, ‘Physicians in Crisis at the End of the Weimar Republic’, in Stachura,
Unemployment,
49–77; also – a study which graphically brings out the impact of the Weimar years on medical practice in the Third Reich, and on the attractions for doctors of National Socialism – Michael H. Kater,
Doctors under Hitler,
Chapel Hill/London, 1989, here 12–15.
    175 . Based on: Peukert, ‘The Lost Generation’; Elizabeth Harvey, ‘Youth Unemployment and the State: Public Policies towards