Modern Mind

See also note 37 above.
    39.
Ibid.
    40. Pfeiffer, Op.
cit.,
page 30.
    41. Ruspoli,
Op. cit.,
page 188.
    42. Pfeiffer, Op.
cit.,
page 31.
    43. For a detailed description, see Ruspoli, Op.
cit.,
and Fernand Windeis,
Montignac-sur-Vézere,
Centre d’Études et de documentations préhistoriques, Dordogne, 1948.
    44. Paul G. Bahn and Jean Vertut,
Images of the Ice Age,
London: Windward, 1988, pages 20–23.
    45.
Evan Hadingham, Secrets of the Ice Age: The World of the Cave Artists, London: Heinemann, 1979. page 187.
    46. See Ruspoli, Op.
cit.,
pages 87–88 for a discussion, though no women are represented at Lascaux. Professor Randall White, of New York University, believes that certain features of the Venus figurines (tails, animal ears) suggest that these objects date from a time when early humans had not yet linked sexual intercourse with birth. The animal features suggest that animal spirits were thought tobe involved. (Personal communication.)
    47. Pierre Teilhard de Chardin,
The Appearance of Man,
London: Collins, 1965, page 51.
    48. Ian Tattersall,
The Fossil Trail,
Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1995, paperback 1996, pages 62 and 67.
    49. Chardin,
Op. cit.,
pages 91 and 145. Tattersall,
Op. cit.,
page 62.
    50. Mayr,
The Growth of Biological Thought, Op. cit.,
pages 566–569 which also includes Bernhard Rensch and G. Ledyard Stebbins in this group though they didn’t publish their works until 1947 and 1950 respectively, by which time the Princeton conference (see below) had taken place. Mayr says (page 70) that there was no ‘paradigm shift’ in a Kuhnian sense (see chapter 27 of this book) but ‘an exchange’ of ‘viable components.’ Julian Huxley’s book was published by George Allen & Unwin in London; all the others in the synthesis were published in New York by Columbia University Press. See also: Ernst Mayr and William B. Provine (editors),
The Evolutionary Synthesis: Perspectives on the Unification of Biology,
Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1980, 1988, which explores the development in evolutionary thinking outside Britain and the United States: France, Germany, Soviet Russia, together with modern reassessments of the early figures in the field: T. H. Morgan, R. A. Fisher, G. G. Simpson, J. B. S. Haldane and William Bateson.
    51. For the popularity of ‘saltation’ see David Kahn (editor),
The Darwinian Heritage,
Princeton: Princeton University Press in association with Nova Pacifica, 1985, pages 762–763.
    52. Tattersall,
Op. cit.,
pages 89–94.
    53.
Ibid.,
page 95.
    54. Walter Moore,
Schrödinger: Life and Thought,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989, page 395.
    55. Erwin Schrödinger,
What is Life?,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1944, page 77.
    56. Moore,
Op. cit.,
page 396.
    57. Schrödinger,
Op. cit.,
page 61.
    58.
Ibid.,
page 79.
    59.
Ibid.,
page 30.
    60. Moore,
Op. cit.,
page 397.

CHAPTER 21: NO WAY BACK
    1. Karl Mannheim, Diagnosis of Our Time: Wartime Essays of a Sociologist, London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner, 1943.
    2.
Ibid.,
page 38.
    3.
Ibid.,
page 32.
    4.
Ibid.,
pages 60ff.
    5. Joseph Schumpeter,
Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy,
London: George Allen & Unwin, 1943.
    6.
Johnston, The Austrian Mind, Op. cit., page 83.
    7. Robert Heilbronner,
The Worldly Philosophers,
New York: Simon & Schuster, 1953, Penguin Books, 1986, pages 292–293.
    8. Schumpeter,
Op. cit.,
pages 111ff.
    9.
Ibid.,
page 81.
    10.
Ibid.,
pages 143ff; Heilbronner,
Op. cit.,
pages 6 and 301–302.
    11. Heilbronner, Op.
cit.,
pages 300–303.
    12. Friedrich von Hayek,
The Road to Serfdom,
London: George Routledge, 1944, page 52.
    13.
Ibid.,
page 61.
    14. C. H. Waddington,
The Scientific Attitude,
London (another Penguin Special), 1941.
    15.
Karl Popper, The Open Society and Its Enemies, Volume I: The Spell of Plato, Volume II: The High Tide of Prophecy: Hegel, Marx and the Aftermath, London: George Routledge & Sons, 1945.
    16. Popper had problems publishing
The Open Society,
which some publishers felt too irreverent towards Aristotle; and the journal
Mind
turned down
The Poverty of Historicism.
See Mannheim’s autobiograhy,
Unended Quest: An Intellectual Biography,
London: Routledge, 1992, page 119.
    17. Roberta Corvi,
An Introduction to the Thought of Karl Popper,
London and New York: Routledge, 1997, page 52.
    18.
Ibid.,
page 55.
    19.
Ibid.
, page 59.
    20. Popper, Op.
cit., volume I,
page 143. Corvi, Op.
cit.,
page 65.
    21.
Ibid., volume