The German Genius

and trans. David Garber and Roger Ariew (London: Hackett, 1991); and Protogaea , trans. and ed. Claudine Cohen and Andre Wakefield (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2008).
62. Eric Blackall, The Emergence of German as a Literary Language, 1700–1775 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1959), p. 69.
63. For Schiller’s views of Thomasius, see his letter to Goethe, May 29, 1799, in S. Seidel, ed., Briefe der Jahre 1798–1805 , vol. 2 of Der Briefwechsel zwischen Schiller und Goethe (Munich: Beck, 1985). See also Ahnert, Religion and the Origins of the German Enlightenment , and Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 201.
64. Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 239.
65. Ibid., p. 201.
66. Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (London: Verso, 1983), p. 41. Habermas, Structural Transformation , pp. 18–19.
67. Anderson, Imagined Communities , p. 49.
68. Ibid., p. 82.
69. Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 161.
70. Ibid., p. 162.
71. Ibid., p. 176.
72. Ibid., p. 180.
73. Ibid., p. 243.
74. For Frederick’s theories of government, see Reinhold Koser, Geschichte Friedrichs des Grossen. 3 vols. (Berlin, 1925); also the catalog for the 1981 Berlin exhibition Preussen: Versuch einer Bilanz. 5 vols. (Reinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1981); Theodor Schieder, Frederick the Great , ed. and trans. Sabina Berkeley and H. M. Scott (Harlow, U.K., and New York: Addison Wesley Longmann, 2000). This latter is generally regarded as the most recent substantive contribution to scholarship on Friedrich the Great and the Prussia of his time. See also Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 131.
75. Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 132. The library was later auctioned off by order of Friedrich Wilhelm I.
76. Schieder, Frederick the Great , p. 37.
77. G. P. Gooch, Frederick the Great (New York: Dorset Press, 1990), p. 140.
78. See also Schieder, Frederick the Great , p. 257.
79. Ibid., Chapter 9, “Philosopher-King” discusses many of Friedrich’s books, pp. 233–267. The king’s intellectual work is also examined in Friedrich Meinecke’s Machiavellism , English translation published by Manchester University Press, 1957, pp. 275–310.
80. Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 219.
81. Ibid., p. 222.
82. Ibid., p. 228.
83. Schieder, Frederick the Great , pp. 43–44. Blanning, Power of Culture , p. 141.
    C HAPTER 2: B ILDUNG AND THE I NBORN D RIVE TOWARD P ERFECTION
     
1. See, for instance, John Redwood, Reason, Ridicule, and Religion, 1660–1750 (London, Thames & Hudson, 1976), p. 150; Karen Armstrong, A History of God from Abraham to the Present: The 4000-Year Quest for God (London: Heinemann, 1993), p. 330; Richard Popkin, The Third Force in Seventeenth-Century Thought (Leiden: Brill, 1992), pp. 102–103.
2. Peter Hanns Reill, The German Enlightenment and the Rise of Historicism (Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1975), p. 31.
3. Moses Mendelssohn, Über die Empfindungen (Berlin: Bey Christian Friedrich Voss, 1755), p. 52. Also Reill, German Enlightenment , p. 43.
4. Half a century later, Johann Christoph Gatterer, one of the first historians to hold a chair at Göttingen, still mocked the Chinese: “They wish to appear far older than they are…They play with millions of years as children play with balls.” Reill, German Enlightenment , p. 78.
5. Johann Salomo Semler, Beanwortung der Fragment eines Lebens Beschreibungen Berühmfer Gelehrten (Leipzig, 1766), vol. 2, p. 290. Hartmut Lehmann, Der Pietismus , in Etienne François and Hagen Schulze, eds. Deutsche Erinnerungsorte (Munich: Beck, 2001), vol. 2, pp. 571–584.
6. Reill, German Enlightenment , p. 82.
7. Johann David Michaelis, “Schreiben an Herrn Professor Schlötzer die Zeitrechnung von der Sündflut bis auf Salomo betreffend,” in Zerstreute kleine Schriften. 2 vols. (Jena, in der akademischen Buchhandlung, 1794), vol. 1, pp. 262ff.
8. Reill, German Enlightenment , pp. 78–79.
9. Reill, German Enlightenment , pp. 92–93.
10. Reill, German Enlightenment , p. 220.
11. Ibid., p. 90.
12. Ibid.
13. Johann David Michaelis, Mosaisches Recht. 6 vols. (Frankfurt, 1770–1775), pp. 88ff.
14. August Ludwig von Schlözer, Allgemeine nordische Geschichte: Forsetzungen der Algemeinen Welt-Historie durch eine Geselschaft von Gelehrten in Teutschland und Engeland ausgefertiget. Part 31 (Halle, 1771), p. 263.
15. August Ludwig von Schlözer, Verstellung der Universal-Historie. 2 vols. (Göttingen, 1772–1773), vol. 2, p. 273.
16.