The Great Divide

371–5
    Upanishads, 324, 330, 348
    Upper Amazon basin, 220
    Upper Lena Basin, 11
    Upper Oxus, 175
    Upper Purús River, 209
    Upper Tombigbee River Valley, 242
    Ur, 26, 33, 85, 159, 275, 276
    Urals, 119
    Urton, Gary, 316
    Uruk, 147, 263, 264, 265–6, 268, 273, 274, 280
    Ushki, 15
    USSR, 51, 157
    Usumacinta, 196
    Utnapishtim, 161
    Uto-Aztecian language, 186, 188
    Uto-Aztecian peoples, 203
     
    Valdez, Lidio, 381–2
    Valladolid, 524
    Valley of Mexico, 395, 401, 467, 474, 476, 477
    Vancouver Island, 441
    Varuna, 99, 326
    vase supports, 152, 166–7
    Vatican, 532
    Vedas, 35–6, 329 see also Rig Veda
    Vedic culture/religion, 36, 292, 328, 331, 332
    Vega, Lope de, 524
    vegeculture, 105, 107, 112, 114 see also root and tuber crops
    vegetarianism, 351
    Vegatation Goddess, 163
    Velikovsky, Immanuel, 155
    Venezuela, xxvii, 206, 218
    Venice, 451
    Arsenal, 454
    Venus, 155, 374, 395, 421, 422, 435–6, 469, 473, 474
    Venus figurines, 77, 119–21, 123, 133, 136
    Venus of Monruz, 121
    Veracruz, 216, 230, 301, 306, 423, 429, 433
    Verrano, John W., 429
    vetch, 125, 130
    vicuna, 148, 313, 512, 539
    Vietnam, 32, 39
    Vikings, 157
    vilca, 37
    Vindha Hills, 34
    violence, 160, 413–34, 482–5 see also human sacrifice
    Viracocha, 490
    Viracocha Inca, 488
    virility, 131–2
    Virola , 204, 317
    Vishnu, 98, 292
    Vision Serpent, 391, 394, 416, 417, 419, 471
    Vitebsky, Piers, 50, 52
    Vitoria, Francisco de, 526, 530
    volcanic winter, 24, 25, 31
    volcanoes/volcanic activity, 24–5, 40, 92–5, 121, 154, 160, 161, 180, 234, 235, 236, 371, 388, 390, 435, 443, 475–6, 484–5, 504–5, 512, 513, 514, 517
    Volga, 463
    Voltaire, 534
    Vritra, 328
     
    Waber craters, 156, 157
    Wacheqsa River, 319
    Wadi an-Natuf, 130
    wagons, 280, 281
    Waika, 204
    Waira-jirca, 311
    Wales, 158
    Wang, Sijia, 9, 10, 13, 17, 65
    Wangi, 44
    wapiti, 65, 71, 75
    warfare, 280, 281–3, 285, 296, 298–9, 325, 335, 336, 338, 358–60, 362, 395, 400, 402, 420, 422, 432–3, 436, 437, 442, 443, 471, 477, 478, 484, 486, 494, 502, 509, 515, 517
    Warka, 268
    Warren, Peter, 161
    warring brothers, myth of, 44, 45
    warring states, period of the, 337–8, 339
    Washington, 201
    water buffalo, 111
    water cults, 306
    water lilies, 428
    water mill, 455
    Waters, Michael R., 70, 71, 73
    watery chaos myths, 38–9, 43
    Watlings Island, xxviii
    Wayne, Robert K., 122, 133
    weapons, 296, 338, 359 see also names of weapons
    weather see climate/weather
    Weatherford, Jack, 378, 379
    weaving, 143, 148, 311–12, 454
    Weiss, Gerald, 209, 210
    West Indies, 107
    West Virginia, 241
    wheat, 105, 106, 108, 109, 115, 125, 126, 173
    Wheatley, Paul, 255, 262, 263, 264
    wheel, 112, 141, 142, 181, 280, 281, 285, 455, 509
    White, Randall, 120
    Whitehead, A.N., 444, 446, 459
    Whittington, Michael, 423, 428
    whooping cough, 542
    Wilbert, Johannes, 218
    wildfires, 75, 76
    Windover, 242
    wine, 113, 172, 173–4, 178, 507
    Winnebago, 42
    Winter, Marcus, 484
    Wisconsin, 218, 239, 408
    Wisconsin stage of glaciation, 57
    witchcraft, 211
    wolves, 60, 66, 67, 405
    Woman, 131, 149, 154
    wool, 140, 143, 144, 145, 289, 290, 381, 385, 455, 456, 465, 501, 511
    Woolley, Leonard, 25, 33, 159
    word of god, 43, 44, 46
    World Tree, 222, 284, 390, 391, 393, 396, 413, 435
    Wrangham, Robert, 235
    Wright, Ronald, 530
    writing, 100–1, 113, 255, 272–6, 357, 366, 367, 368, 437–40 see also alphabet
     
    Xenophanes, 347, 377
    Xenophon, 375
    Xerxes, 362
    Xia dynasty, 89
    Xibalba, 200, 390, 426
    Xipe Totec, 475, 479, 483, 514
    Xochicalco, 470, 472
    Xochipala, 205
    Xochipilli, 199
    Xolotl, 439
     
    yagé/yajé , 177, 197–8, 210–11, 212
    Yahweh, 340, 341–2, 343, 344, 350
    yaks, 111
    yams, 115
    Yamuna River, 35, 36
    Yang, Master, 339
    Yangshao culture, 88
    Yangtze (Chiang Jiang) delta, 31, 104
    Yangtze River, 103
    Yangtze Valley, 114
    Yao, 335
    yaravecs , 215
    Yaxchilan, 196, 233, 416–17, 418 , 419
    Yax K’uk Mo’, 396
    Yax Moch Xoc, 394
    Y-chromosome, 3, 4, 5, 8
    yeast, 113
    yellow fever, 542
    Yellow River Valley/region, 88–9, 114, 333, 335
    Yemen, 24
    Yenesian language, 11
    Yin, 33
    yoga, 329, 330, 339
    yoke, 292
    Younger Dryas, 39–40, 88
    Yscayingos, 532
    Yucatán Peninsula, 232, 390, 395, 396, 428 see also Maya
    yucca, 107
    Yucunũ, 484
    ‘Yuga’ theory, 35
    Yukon, 15, 16
    Yupanqui (later known as Pachakuti), 488, 490, 492
    Yupik language, 50
     
    Zagros mountains, 124, 290
    Zan˜a Valley, 321
    Zapotec civilisation, xxxi, 218–19, 397, 398, 399–400, 434, 437, 502, 513
    Zarathustra, 176, 324
    Zea mays see