The German Genius

Biography (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press), pp. 36 and 40.
25. Frisby, Georg Simmel , pp. 131, 132, and 148.
26. Ferdinand Tönnies, Community and Civil Society , ed. Jose Harris, trans. Jose Harris and Margaret Hollis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001), p. viii.
27. Tönnies, Community and Civil Society , p. xii.
28. Ibid., p. xiv.
29. Ibid., p. xv.
30. Ibid., p. xvii.
31. Ibid., p. xxi.
32. Reiner Grundmann and Nico Stehr, “Why Is Werner Sombart Not Part of the Core of Classical Sociology?” Journal of Classical Sociology 1, no. 2 (2001): 257–287.
33. Werner Sombart, Luxury and Capitalism , trans. W. R. Dittmar, intro. by Philip Siegelman (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1967). In his introduction, Philip Siegelman says Weber and Sombart were the two most gifted descendants of Adam Smith, Ricardo, and Hegel.
34. Friedrich Lenger, Werner Sombart, 1863–1941: Eine Biographie (Munich: C.H. Beck, 1995), pp. 115–123. See also Bernhard vom Brocke, ed., Sombarts “Moderner Kapitalismus”: Materi-alien zur Kritik und Rezeption (Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 1987).
35. Grundmann and Stehr, “Why Is Werner Sombart Not Part,” p. 261.
36. At one stage he said, “Puritanism is Judaism.” See the Siegelman introduction in Sombart, Luxury and Capitalism , p. xiii.
37. Jeffrey Herf, Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture, and Politics in Weimar and the Third Reich (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984).
38. Grundmann and Stehr, “Why Is Werner Sombart Not Part,” p. 269. See also Ernst Nolte, Geschichtsdenken im 20. Jahrhundert: Von Max Weber bis Hans Jonas (Berlin: Propyläen, 1991), for a different trajectory and a comparison of German thinkers with French, British, and American.
39. Peter Watson, A Terrible Beauty: The People and Ideas That Shaped the Modern Mind (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2000/ The Modern Mind , New York: HarperCollins, 2000), pp. 45f.
40. M. Rainer Lepsius and Wolfgang J. Mommsen, eds., Briefe Max Weber (Tübingen: Mohr [Paul Siebeck], 1990–2008). The letters underline Weber’s wide range of correspondents, including Sombart, Tönnies, and Simmel.
41. Harvey Goldmann, Max Weber and Thomas Mann: Calling and the Shaping of the Self (Los Angeles and Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988). A useful comparative study.
42. Reinhard Bendix, Max Weber: An Intellectual Portrait (London: Heinemann, 1960), examines China, India, and Pakistan, subjecting Weber’s concept to a critical appraisal.
43. Hartmut Lehmann and Guenther Roth, eds., Weber’s Protestant Ethic: Origin, Evidence, Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993). See in particular Thomas Nipperdey’s essay, “Max Weber, Protestantism and the Debate around 1900,” pp. 73–82.
44. Fritz Ringer, Max Weber: An Intellectual Biography (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2004). See p. 84 for adequate causation, p. 183 for types of authority, and p. 233 for the problem of scientific specialization.
45. Keith Bullivant and Bernhard Spies, “‘Die Wiederkehr des immergleich Schlechten?’ Cultural Crises in the Work of German Writers in the Twentieth Century,” in Ferdinand van Ingen and Gerd Labroisse, eds., Literaturszene Bundesrepublik—ein Blick von Draussen (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1988), pp. 59–78.

C HAPTER 24: D ISSONANCE AND THE M OST -D ISCUSSED M AN IN M USIC
     
1. Jan Swafford, Johannes Brahms: A Biography (London: Macmillan, 1998), p. 570.
2. Schonberg, Lives of the Great Composers , p. 251.
3. Ibid., p. 252.
4. See the splendid portrait in Swafford, op. cit ., p. 49.
5. Schonberg, Lives of the Great Composers , p. 254.
6. Christine Jacobsen, ed., Johannes Brahms: Leben und Werk (Wiesbaden: Breitkopf & Härtel, 1983), pp. 36ff.
7. Schonberg, Lives of the Great Composers , p. 257.
8. Swafford, Johannes Brahms , p. 297. See also Daniel Beller-McKenna, Brahms and the German Spirit (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2004), pp. 65ff.
9. Beller-McKenna, Brahms and the German Spirit , for Brahms’s symphonies and an incipient nationalism in the spirit of Beethoven.
10. Ibid., p. 12.
11. Schonberg, Lives of the Great Composers , p. 263.
12. Ibid., p. 264.
13. For his living arrangements, see Frank Walker, Hugo Wolf: A Biography (London: Dent, 1968), pp. 55ff.
14. See Walker, Hugo Wolf , chapter 10, which explores the work of Mörike and Eichendorff over many pages. See also Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Hugo Wolf: Leben und Werk